96
222. The concept of disclosure and duties of the Prosecutor under the English
system cannot, in our opinion, be made applicable to the Indian criminal
jurisprudence stricto sensu at this stage. However, we are of the considered view
that the doctrine of disclosure would have to be given somewhat expanded
application. As far as the present case is concerned, we have already noticed that
no prejudice had been caused to the right of the accused to fair trial and nonfurnishing of the copy of one of the ballistic reports had not hampered the ends of
justice. Some shadow of doubt upon veracity of the document had also been
created by the prosecution and the prosecution opted not to rely upon this
document. In these circumstances, the right of the accused to disclosure has not
received any setback in the facts and circumstances of the case. The accused even
did not raise this issue seriously before the trial court.
(emphasis supplied)
177. In this manner, the public prosecutor, and then the trial court’s scrutiny,
both play an essential role in safeguarding the accused’s right to fair
investigation, when faced with the might of the state’s police machinery.
178. This view was endorsed in a recent three judge decision of this court in
Criminal trials guidelines regarding Inadequacies and Deficiencies, in re v.
State of Andhra Pradesh80. This court has highlighted the inadequacy mentioned
above, which would impede a fair trial, and inter alia, required the framing of
rules by all states and High Courts, in this regard, compelling disclosure of a list
containing mention of all materials seized and taken in, during investigation- to
the accused. The relevant draft guideline, approved by this court, for adoption
by all states is as follows:
“4. SUPPLY OF DOCUMENTS UNDER SECTIONS 173, 207 AND 208 CR.PC
Every Accused shall be supplied with statements of witness recorded under
Sections 161 and 164 Cr.PC and a list of documents, material objects and exhibits
seized during investigation and relied upon by the Investigating Officer (I.O) in
accordance with Sections 207 and 208, Cr. PC.
Explanation: The list of statements, documents, material objects and exhibits
shall specify statements, documents, material objects and exhibits that are not
relied upon by the Investigating Officer.”
179. In view of the above discussion, this court holds that the prosecution, in
the interests of fairness, should as a matter of rule, in all criminal trials, comply
80 (2021) 10 SCC 598
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