704
Krishna Rao Gurumurthi & Anor v. PP & Another Appeal
[2007] 1 MLRA
To determine the extent to which the two sets of information can be admitted into
evidence one has to fall back to the principle in Chong Soon Koy, to ask the two
questions formulated therein by Suffian LP:
(a) What was the fact discovered?
(b) What was the information supplied by the accused relating distinctly
to the facts thereby discovered ?
In respect of the first accused, the fact discovered embraces the place from
where the body was discovered and his knowledge about it, and the
information supplied that relates distinctly to the facts discovered was that he
had thrown it there.
In respect of the second accused, it embraces the place from where the
jewellery was discovered and his knowledge of it and the information supplied
that relates distinctly to the facts was that he had hidden it there.
[31] We find the approach of the learned judge on this part of the case to be in
accordance with the principles laid down by the former Federal Court in Chong
Soon Koy v. Public Prosecutor [1977] 1 MLRA 213 ; [1977] 2 MLJ 78. It is plain that
he asked himself the right questions and addressed the issues with eminent fairness.
He excluded the words "which we took from the shop" which had formed part of
the information provided to the police by the second accused on the ground that
they did not come within the scope of s. 27 .
[32] Based on the evidence led by the prosecution the learned judge held that both
accused had a case to answer and called upon each of them to enter upon their
defence. We are of opinion that he was entirely correct in his decision.
[33] Upon his defence being called the first accused elected to remain silent
whereupon the learned judge found him guilty and convicted him on all four
charges. His counsel submitted that his client had suffered a procedural injustice as
the consequence of his electing to remain silent was not explained to him and as
such the conviction could not stand. A careful perusal of the record provided to us
shows that after the learned judge had made his order calling for the defence of the
first accused, the three alternatives were explained to him. Of course, the record
does not spell out each of them. But there is - and never has been - a rule of law or
practice imposing such a requirement. What happens in the practice is that in all
criminal trials, after defence is called, a clerk of court explains the consequence of
each alternative to an accused. This is reflected in the notation "three alternatives
explained to the accused" made in the notes of evidence without the judge or
magistrates writing down each alternative. This has been the practice since time
immemorial. It has worked well and there is no necessity to re-visit or alter it.
From the record of appeal it is clear that this practice was adhered to in the
proceedings before the learned judge. Accordingly, we are of the view that this
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