through the Mental Health Act, 2007. The term "mental disorder" is now defined as any disorder or disability of the mind. 33. In India, the Mental Healthcare Act, 2017 (Indian Law) is the prevalent law which deals with providing health care and services for persons with mental illness. Section 2(1) (s) defines "mental illness" in the following terms:"mental illness" means a substantial disorder of thinking, mood, perception, orientation or memory that grossly impairs judgment, behavior, capacity to recognize reality or ability to meet the ordinary demands of life, mental conditions associated with the abuse of alcohol and drugs, but does not include mental retardation which is a condition of arrested or incomplete development of mind of a person, specially characterized by subnormality of intelligence;" 34. Further more, section 3(1) of the Indian Law states as follows:3. (1) Mental illness shall be determined in accordance with such nationally or internationally accepted mental standards (including the latest edition of the International Classification of Disease of the World Health Organization) as may be notified by the Central Government. (2) No person or authority shall classify a person as a person with mental illness, except for purposes directly relating to the treatment of the mental illness or in other matters as covered under this Act or any other law for the time being in force. (3) Mental illness of a person shall not be determined on the basis of, -----(a) political, economic or social status or membership of a cultural, racial or religious group, or for any other reason not directly relevant to mental health status of the person; (b) nonconformity with moral, social, cultural, work or political values or religious beliefs prevailing in a person's community. (4) Past treatment or hospitalization in a mental health establishment though relevant, shall not by itself justify any present or future determination of the person's mental illness. (5) The determination of a person's mental illness shall alone not imply or be taken to mean that the person is of unsound mind unless he has been declared as such by a competent court. 35. Perusal of section 3(1) of the Indian Law reveals that it appreciates the developing nature of medical science and incorporates the nationally and internationally accepted medical standards, including the latest edition of the International Classification of Disease (ICD) of the World Health Organization (WHO), for determination of mental illness. We have been apprised that ICD-101 is the current edition of a medical classification of disease issued by the WHO and is expected to be replaced by ICD-11 in 2021/2022. Chapter-V of ICD-10 classifies medically recognized mental and behavioral disorders. It has been pointed out that Pakistan currently follows the ICD-10. However, reference has been made to Chapter 6 of ICD-11 titled 'Mental, Behavioral or Neuro-developmental Disorders.' It defines psychiatric disorders as 'syndromes characterized by clinically significant disturbance in an individual's cognition, emotional regulation, or behavior that reflects a dysfunction in the psychological, biological, or developmental processes